Dr. Muhiuddin Haider, research associate professor at the University of Maryland School of Public Health, was commissioned by the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Commissioned Officers Foundation to conduct an assessment of the PHS Commissioned Corps’ performance and value to the American taxpayer and to the mission of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The objective of the report was to provide a scientifically-based and balanced analysis of the role of the PHS Commissioned Corps in protecting and promoting national and global health and security. The study includes a cost analysis of hiring practices, an examination of the quality of the system, and recommended improvements.