Ms. Amelia K. Boehme, author and graduate student trainee in the department of epidemiology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, along with colleagues Ms. Monica S. Aswani, graduate student trainee in the department of preventive medicine, Dr. Michael J. Lyerly, assistant professor in the department of neurology, Dr. Karen C. Albright, postdoctoral trainee in the department of preventive medicine, and Dr. T. Mark Beasley, professor in the department of biostatistics, assessed the influence of infections present on admission (POA) compared with hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) on neurologic deterioration (ND) and other outcome measures in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).