More than 90 percent of HIV-infected inmates entering prison in North Carolina previously had tested positive for the virus, according to a study published in the November 27 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. A significant proportion of people with HIV in the United States enter the prison system each year, and many  believed that screening new inmates for HIV would yield a number of new diagnoses. “We found that was not the case, and that few of the HIV-positive individuals coming into state prison in North Carolina had not previously been diagnosed with HIV,” said Dr. David Wohl, associate professor of infectious diseases at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine and lead author of the paper.