Mine workers in southern Africa have some of the highest rates of occupational lung disease in the world. These diseases, including silicosis and tuberculosis, acquired in the gold mines of South Africa have, over many decades, left hundreds of thousands of men disabled, in penury, or dead. Under South African law, these men and their families are entitled to financial compensation, but only a small proportion of them ever receive it. When they do, it is often insufficient for their needs. A report released on January 13 by the Global Health Justice Partnership (GHJP), a joint initiative of Yale Law School and Yale School of Public Health, explores solutions for this longstanding injustice.